Focal alopecia is an autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis and an unpredictable course. This disease significantly worsens the quality of life of both patients and their relatives. Modern treatment methods include the use of topical and injection drugs, but in case of resistance to treatment, it is necessary to use other methods that have a targeted effect on the links in the pathogenesis of focal alopecia, such as drugs that inhibit Janus kinases. As a result of treatment, one of the links in the immune response is blocked, which leads to the cessation of the pathological process. The report will highlight the world experience of using Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of focal alopecia and present our own experience in using these drugs.